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Question I
I. Yeti Export Corporation (YEC), thru its President, negotiated for Yahoo Bank of Manila {YBM) to issue a letter of credit to course the importation of electronic parts from China to be sold and distributed to various electronic manufacturing companies in Manila. YBM issued the letter of credit and forwarded it to its correspondent bank, Yunan Bank (YB) of Beijing, to notify the Chinese exporters to submit the bill of lading in the name of YBM covering the goods to be exported to Manila and to pay the Chinese exporters the purchase price upon verification of the authenticity of the shipping documents.
The electronic parts arrived in the Port of Manila, and YBM released them to the custody of YEC as an entrustee under a trust receipt. When YEC unpacked the imported parts in its warehouse, it found that they were not only of inferior quality but also did not fit the descriptions contained in the bill of lading. YEC refused to pay YBM the amount owed under the trust receipt. YBM thereafter commenced the following:
(a)(a) Civil suit to hold YB liable for failure to ensure that the electronic parts loaded for exportation in China corresponded with those described in the bill of lading. Is there any merit in the case against YB? (2.5%)
(b)(b) Criminal suit against YEC and its President for estafa, and sought the payment of the amount covered in the trust receipt. The defense of the YEC President is that he cannot be held liable for a transaction of the corporation, of which he only acted as an officer, and that it is YEC as the principal that should be held liable under the trust receipt, which was entered into in the name of YEC and pursuant to YEC's corporate purposes. He cited as his legal ground the "Doctrine of Separate Juridical Personality." Is the President's contention meritorious? (2.5%)
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