3. Cristina, a new-hire of Sterling Corporation (Sterling), was made to join Sterling Corporation Employees Union (SCEU) in compliance with the union shop provision in the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) between SCEU and Sterling. At the request of SCEU, Sterling started deducting union dues from Cristina’s salary and remitting the same to SCEU pursuant to the CBA provisions. Cristina protested, claiming that she has not authorized the deduction in writing. Is Cristina’s claim valid? Explain briefly. (5 points)